{"id":1604,"date":"2021-05-21T06:03:37","date_gmt":"2021-05-21T06:03:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/heshimardc.net\/v1\/?p=1604"},"modified":"2021-05-21T06:03:41","modified_gmt":"2021-05-21T06:03:41","slug":"presidentielles-ces-contestations-electorales-musclees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/heshimardc.net\/v1\/2021\/05\/21\/presidentielles-ces-contestations-electorales-musclees\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00e9sidentielles: ces contestations \u00e9lectorales muscl\u00e9es"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aux Etats-Unis d\u2019Am\u00e9rique, un cas r\u00e9cent a cristallis\u00e9 l\u2019attention de l\u2019opinion internationale. Il s\u2019agit de la pr\u00e9sidentielle am\u00e9ricaine ayant conduit Joe Biden \u00e0 la Maison Blanche. Elu il y a quatre ans sur la promesse de \u00ab rendre sa grandeur \u00e0 l\u2019Am\u00e9rique \u00bb, le pr\u00e9sident sortant, Donald Trump, a achev\u00e9 son mandat en la couvrant de honte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Ayant vu les suffrages filer entre ses doigts, Trump a engag\u00e9 une contestation \u00e9lectorale quasi in\u00e9dite aux Etats-Unis. Le 6 janvier 2021, par une foule de partisans extr\u00e9mistes que le pr\u00e9sident lui-m\u00eame avait incit\u00e9e, le Capitole, ce sanctuaire de la d\u00e9mocratie am\u00e9ricaine a \u00e9t\u00e9 pris d\u2019assaut, pour emp\u00eacher son adversaire d\u00e9mocrate Joe Biden, d\u2019\u00eatre officiellement d\u00e9clar\u00e9 vainqueur de l\u2019\u00e9lection du 3 novembre 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Des violences ayant fait plus de deux morts et qui ont fini par diviser le pays en deux. Une partie du respect de l\u2019ordre constitutionnel et l\u2019autre qui vit dans un univers parall\u00e8le, nourrie par une th\u00e9orie de complot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toujours dans ce m\u00eame grand pays de d\u00e9mocratie, l\u2019on se rappellera du duel Al Gore et George Walter Bush en 2000. Les deux candidats, le premier d\u00e9mocrate et le second r\u00e9publicain, sont all\u00e9s jusqu\u2019au recomptage des voix, notamment en Floride. Comme si cela ne suffisait pas, il a fallu attendre l\u2019arr\u00eat de la Cour supr\u00eame de justice pour mettre un terme aux recours et aux contestations \u00e9lectorales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Cet arr\u00eat a donn\u00e9 pour vainqueur George W. Bush au d\u00e9triment d\u2019Al Gore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais cette d\u00e9cision judiciaire fut aussi s\u00e9v\u00e8rement critiqu\u00e9e car la Cour supr\u00eame s’\u00e9tait arrog\u00e9e un r\u00f4le \u00ab in\u00e9dit \u00bb dans ses attributions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0Un sport national en Afrique…<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sous les tropiques, les contestations \u00e9lectorales deviennent presque un sport national. Dans la plupart des pays africains o\u00f9 la culture \u00e9lectorale au sommet de l\u2019Etat essaie de s\u2019installer, l\u2019on constate tr\u00e8s souvent des contestations muscl\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0La crise \u00e9lectorale la plus marquante de ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, c\u2019est bien celle de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. Ce conflit qui d\u00e9bute apr\u00e8s le second tour de l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle de 2010,un premier scrutin depuis 10 ans, qui a vu le pr\u00e9sident Laurent Gbagbo s\u2019affronter \u00e0 Alassane Ouattara.<\/a> Un affrontement dans tous les sens du terme puisque le r\u00e9sultat am\u00e8ne \u00e0 un diff\u00e9rend \u00e9lectoral meurtrier, suite \u00e0 des fraudes pr\u00e9sum\u00e9es. Gbagbo qui dit avoir gagn\u00e9 les \u00e9lections est reconnu par le Conseil constitutionnel. Alors qu\u2019Alassane Ouattara, victorieux de son c\u00f4t\u00e9, est reconnu par la Commission \u00e9lectorale ind\u00e9pendante (CEI) et est appuy\u00e9 par la communaut\u00e9 internationale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apr\u00e8s une tentative de m\u00e9diation de l\u2019ancien pr\u00e9sident sud-africain Thabo Mbeki, Abidjan sombrera dans la violence arm\u00e9e avec plus d\u2019une dizaine de milliers de morts uniquement dans la capitale. Laurent Gbagbo sera envoy\u00e9 \u00e0 la Cour p\u00e9nale internationale (CPI) en 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0RDC, Kabila rempile<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une autre contestation \u00e9lectorale, c\u2019est celle de novembre 2011 en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo. Le pr\u00e9sident Joseph Kabila organise, contre l\u2019avis de la communaut\u00e9 internationale, des \u00e9lections sur fonds propres du pays. Il a, en face de lui, comme challenger principal, l\u2019\u00e9ternel opposant, Etienne Tshisekedi wa Mulumba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Selon les r\u00e9sultats communiqu\u00e9s par le pr\u00e9sident de la CENI, le pasteur Daniel Ngoy Mulunda, Joseph Kabila, 40 ans \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, a rempil\u00e9 pour un second mandat avec 48,95 % des voix (8.880.994 voix), loin devant l’opposant de 78 ans, Etienne Tshisekedi, qui a totalis\u00e9 32,33% des suffrages (5.864.775 voix). Les deux personnalit\u00e9s seront talonn\u00e9es par Vital Kamerhe, qui recueille 7,74% des suffrages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019UDPS, le parti d\u2019Etienne Tshisekedi, crie \u00e0 un hold-up \u00e9lectoral. Des contestations vont embraser le pays et faire 24 morts. Des dizaines d\u2019autres personnes sont plac\u00e9es en d\u00e9tention arbitraire depuis le 9 d\u00e9cembre 2011, date \u00e0 laquelle le pr\u00e9sident Joseph Kabila a \u00e9t\u00e9 proclam\u00e9 vainqueur de l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle, avait rapport\u00e9 Human Rights Watch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Des violences qui seront calm\u00e9es par Tshisekedi qui a refus\u00e9 officiellement d\u2019appeler \u00e0 des contestations, mais s’autoproclame simplement pr\u00e9sident.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kenya, un r\u00e9cidiviste<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Au Kenya, les contestations de la r\u00e9\u00e9lection du pr\u00e9sident Uhuru Kenyatta en 2017 ont caus\u00e9 au moins 37 morts dans les violences qui ont suivi l\u2019annonce de sa r\u00e9\u00e9lection. Et cela, avant que le scrutin ne soit annul\u00e9. Ces chiffres ont \u00e9t\u00e9 fournis par la Commission des droits de l\u2019homme, qui a point\u00e9 une r\u00e9pression surtout \u00ab concentr\u00e9e dans les zones qui ont vot\u00e9 pour son concurrent, Raila Odinga \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  Et le Kenya n\u2019est pas \u00e0 ses premi\u00e8res contestations \u00e9lectorales meurtri\u00e8res. L\u2019on se souvient du duel entre Mwai Kibaki et Raila Odinga. Le 27 d\u00e9cembre 2007, des \u00e9meutes avaient \u00e9clat\u00e9 apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9\u00e9lection contest\u00e9e de Mwai Kibaki \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence face \u00e0 Raila Odinga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dido NSAPU<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A travers le monde et particuli\u00e8rement en Afrique, la gestion de la p\u00e9riode pr\u00e9 et post-\u00e9lectorale n\u2019a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 ais\u00e9e. Retour sur quelques contestations \u00e9lectorales les plus marquantes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1605,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique"],"yoast_head":"\nPr\u00e9sidentielles: ces contestations \u00e9lectorales muscl\u00e9es - HESHIMA MAGAZINE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Une autre contestation \u00e9lectorale, c\u2019est celle de novembre 2011 en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo. Le pr\u00e9sident Joseph Kabila organise, contre l\u2019avis de la communaut\u00e9 internationale, des \u00e9lections sur fonds propres du pays. 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