{"id":5033,"date":"2025-03-11T12:52:43","date_gmt":"2025-03-11T12:52:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/heshimardc.net\/v1\/?p=5033"},"modified":"2025-03-11T12:52:45","modified_gmt":"2025-03-11T12:52:45","slug":"grands-lacs-paul-kagame-un-catalyseur-de-crise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/heshimardc.net\/v1\/2025\/03\/11\/grands-lacs-paul-kagame-un-catalyseur-de-crise\/","title":{"rendered":"Grands Lacs: Paul Kagame,\u00a0un catalyseur de crise ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L\u2019homme a le profil d\u2019un dirigeant tribal. Depuis son accession \u00e0 la t\u00eate de l\u2019\u00c9tat rwandais, Paul Kagame m\u00e8ne une guerre \u00e0 la fois ethnique et \u00e9conomique dans la r\u00e9gion des Grands Lacs. Il combat syst\u00e9matiquement des r\u00e9gimes politiques qui ne sont pas d\u2019ob\u00e9dience tutsie. Deux \u00c9tats des Grands Lacs africains demeurent des foyers de tension, dont l\u2019Est de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC) constitue le lieu de reflux de leurs politiques bellicistes : il s\u2019agit du Rwanda et de l\u2019Ouganda. Toutes les agressions arm\u00e9es qu\u2019a subies le territoire congolais depuis 1996 sont parties du Rwanda, de l\u2019Ouganda et parfois du Burundi. Mais la situation a chang\u00e9 pour Bujumbura depuis la prise de pouvoir dans ce pays par un Hutu, Pierre Nkurunziza suivi de Evariste Ndayishimiye<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

En f\u00e9vrier dernier, Paul Kagame a reconnu un fait qui n\u2019est pas une r\u00e9v\u00e9lation : sa proximit\u00e9 avec le Mouvement du 23 mars (M23). Ce mouvement, qui exerce une violence rare dans l\u2019Est de la RDC, est compos\u00e9 en majorit\u00e9 de rebelles Tutsis. Depuis 30 ans, c\u2019est Paul Kagame qui tire les ficelles des conflits \u00e0 r\u00e9p\u00e9tition en RDC.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une politique souvent soutenue par son mentor, Yoweri Museveni, de l\u2019Ouganda. Dans une interview \u00e0 Jeune Afrique, M. Kagame a avou\u00e9 que le Rwanda est \u00ab impliqu\u00e9 depuis trente ans \u00bb dans le probl\u00e8me de l’Est de la RDC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sans le dire ouvertement, le chef de l\u2019\u00c9tat rwandais semble \u00eatre en qu\u00eate d\u2019une sorte de foyer national tutsi dans l\u2019Est du Congo. \u00ab Le point de d\u00e9part des revendications par le M23, c’est d’abord la protection et la sauvegarde de la communaut\u00e9 tutsi du Congo. C’est la racine de la conflictualit\u00e9 dans cette r\u00e9gion des Grands-Lacs \u00bb, a-t-il expliqu\u00e9. Mais ce n\u2019est pas uniquement en RDC qu\u2019il applique une telle politique. Paul Kagame est dans une logique ethnique. Son souci, c\u2019est de dominer les Grands Lacs avec des dirigeants de son ob\u00e9dience ethnique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Empire Hima-Tutsi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le n\u0153ud du probl\u00e8me des Grands Lacs, c\u2019est aussi cette tendance supr\u00e9matiste d\u2019une ethnie qui semble vouloir trouver sa s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en dominant d\u2019autres. C\u2019est le sens de la construction th\u00e9orique d\u2019un empire dit \u00ab Hima-Tutsi \u00bb. Pour parvenir \u00e0 cette fin, Paul Kagame et le pr\u00e9sident ougandais Yoweri Museveni n\u2019h\u00e9sitent pas \u00e0 fomenter des r\u00e9bellions dans l\u2019Est de la RDC ou encore au Burundi pour d\u00e9stabiliser des r\u00e9gimes qui ne sont pas de leur ob\u00e9dience. Pour certains Hutu, ces guerres \u00e0 r\u00e9p\u00e9tition justifient la l\u00e9gendaire intention des Tutsi de cr\u00e9er cet \u00ab empire Hima-Tutsi \u00bb en Afrique centrale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burundi aussi vis\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Depuis la fin du r\u00e9gime tutsi au Burundi, ce pays est entr\u00e9 dans l\u2019\u0153il du cyclone de Paul Kagame. En 2015, une tentative de coup d\u2019\u00c9tat men\u00e9e par des individus en majorit\u00e9 tutsis avait \u00e9chou\u00e9. Les putschistes \u2013 arm\u00e9s par Kigali \u2013 s\u2019\u00e9taient repli\u00e9s au Rwanda, avant de venir s\u2019installer au Congo, devenant des rebelles Red Tabara. Le Burundi avait accus\u00e9 le Rwanda de vouloir renverser le r\u00e9gime politique d\u00e9mocratiquement \u00e9tabli \u00e0 Bujumbura. Depuis, les relations bilat\u00e9rales entre les deux pays ne sont plus au beau fixe. En 2021, Kigali a refait la m\u00eame tentative, toujours sans succ\u00e8s, obligeant le Burundi \u00e0 fermer ses fronti\u00e8res terrestres avec le Rwanda. Par la voix de son pr\u00e9sident, Evariste Ndayishimiye, ce pays a menac\u00e9 d’attaquer le Rwanda \u00e0 la moindre nouvelle provocation. \u00ab Le Burundi a accus\u00e9 le Rwanda de soutenir le coup d’\u00c9tat de 2015. Le Rwanda est aussi reproch\u00e9 de soutenir le groupe rebelle burundais Red Tabara au Sud-Kivu, qui menace la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 du r\u00e9gime burundais \u00bb, note un analyste burundais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

RDC, la paix apr\u00e8s Kagame ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Depuis ses premi\u00e8res incursions au Congo lors de la croisade de l\u2019AFDL, le Rwanda a mis en place une v\u00e9ritable \u00e9conomie de pr\u00e9dation. Celle-ci porte particuli\u00e8rement sur l\u2019extraction des minerais de colombo-tantalite, la mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re des gadgets \u00e9lectroniques. Mais aussi de l\u2019or congolais et d\u2019autres minerais strat\u00e9giques. Cette pr\u00e9dation n\u2019aura pas de fin tant que la RDC restera une passoire pour des arm\u00e9es \u00e9trang\u00e8res.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour parvenir \u00e0 la paix dans la r\u00e9gion des Grands Lacs, le pays de Lumumba doit changer son fusil d\u2019\u00e9paule. Ce pays, qui constitue le ventre mou de la r\u00e9gion, devrait construire une arm\u00e9e forte et dissuasive pour \u00e9viter que son territoire soit continuellement un champ de bataille du Rwanda et de l\u2019Ouganda. Si une telle arm\u00e9e n\u2019est toujours pas mise en place, le pays doit compter sur le d\u00e9part de Paul Kagame de son pouvoir pour esp\u00e9rer respirer un air de paix. M\u00eame si le chef de l\u2019\u00c9tat rwandais cherchera \u00e0 placer son fils \u00e0 la t\u00eate du Rwanda, ce dernier pourrait ne pas appliqu\u00e9 la m\u00eame politique que son p\u00e8re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Heshima<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u2019homme a le profil d\u2019un dirigeant tribal. Depuis son accession \u00e0 la t\u00eate de l\u2019\u00c9tat rwandais, Paul Kagame m\u00e8ne une guerre \u00e0 la fois ethnique et \u00e9conomique dans la r\u00e9gion des Grands Lacs. Il combat syst\u00e9matiquement des r\u00e9gimes politiques qui ne sont pas d\u2019ob\u00e9dience tutsie. Deux \u00c9tats des Grands Lacs africains demeurent des foyers de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5035,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[172],"tags":[177],"class_list":["post-5033","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-international","tag-international"],"yoast_head":"\nGrands Lacs: Paul Kagame,\u00a0un catalyseur de crise ? - HESHIMA MAGAZINE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/heshimardc.net\/v1\/2025\/03\/11\/grands-lacs-paul-kagame-un-catalyseur-de-crise\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Grands Lacs: Paul Kagame,\u00a0un catalyseur de crise ? - HESHIMA MAGAZINE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019homme a le profil d\u2019un dirigeant tribal. 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